Introduction

Bellenger, C.R., Fuller, J.T., Thomson, R.L., Davison, K., Robertson, E.Y., & Buckley, J.D. (2016). Monitoring athletic training status through autonomic heart rate regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(10), 1461-1486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0484-2

Berntson, G.G., Bigger, J.T., Jr., Eckberg, D.L., Grossman, P., Kaufmann, P.G., Malik, M., Nagaraja, H.N., Porges, S.W., Saul, J.P., Stone, P.H., & van der Molen, M.W. (1997). Heart rate variability: Origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology, 34(6), 623-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x

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Laborde, S., Mosley, E., & Mertgen, A. (2018). Vagal tank theory: The three Rs of cardiac vagal control functioning—resting, reactivity, and recovery. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12, 458. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00458

Laborde, S., Mosley, E., & Thayer, J.F. (2017). Heart rate variability and cardiac vagal tone in psychophysiological research: Recommendations for experiment planning, data analysis, and data reporting. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, 213. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213

Lundstrom, C.J., Foreman, N.A., & Biltz, G. (2023). Practices and applications of heart rate variability monitoring in endurance athletes. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1864-9726

Mosley, E., & Laborde, S. (2022). A scoping review of heart rate variability in sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2022.2092884

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Thayer, J.F., Hansen, A.L., Saus-Rose, E., & Johnsen, B.H. (2009). Heart rate variability, prefrontal neural function, and cognitive performance: The neurovisceral integration perspective on self-regulation, adaptation, and health. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 37, 141-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-009-9101-z

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Chapter 1

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Chapter 2

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Chapter 3

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Zorzi, A., D'Ascenzi, F., Andreini, D., Castelletti, S., Casella, M., Cavarretta, E., Cipriani, A., Compagnucci, P., Delise, P., Dello Russo, A., Graziano, F., Palama, Z., Pelliccia, A., Sarto, P., Corrado, D., & Sciarra, L. (2023). Interpretation and management of premature ventricular beats in athletes: An expert opinion document of the Italian Society of Sports Cardiology (SICSPORT). Int J Cardiol, 391, 131220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131220

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Altini, M., & Amft, O. (2016). HRV4Training: Large-scale longitudinal training load analysis in unconstrained free-living settings using a smartphone application. 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2016, 2610-2613. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2016.7591265

Altini, M., Casale, P., Penders, J., Ten Velde, G., Plasqui, G., & Amft, O. (2016). Cardiorespiratory fitness estimation using wearable sensors: Laboratory and free-living analysis of context-specific submaximal heart rates. Journal of Applied Physiology, 120(9), 1082-1096. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00519.2015

Altini, M., & Plews, D. (2021). What is behind changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability? A large-scale analysis of longitudinal measurements acquired in free-living. Sensors, 21(23), 7932. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237932

Altini, M., Van Hoof, C., & Amft, O. (2017, February 16-19). Relation between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and running performance in free-living: An analysis of HRV4Training data [Paper presentation]. 2017 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical & Health Informatics, Orlando, FL, United States.

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Borresen, J., & Lambert, M.I. (2008). Autonomic control of heart rate during and after exercise: Measurements and implications for monitoring training status. Sports Medicine, 38(8), 633-646. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838080-00002

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Buchheit, M. (2014). Monitoring training status with HR measures: Do all roads lead to Rome? Frontiers in Physiology, 5, 73. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00073

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Flatt, A.A., & Esco, M.R. (2015). Smartphone-derived heart-rate variability and training load in a women's soccer team. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(8), 994-1000. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0556

Flatt, A.A., Hornikel, B., & Esco, M.R. (2017). Heart rate variability and psychometric responses to overload and tapering in collegiate sprint-swimmers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(6), 606-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.017

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Holt, A.C., Plews, D.J., Oberlin-Brown, K.T., Merien, F., & Kilding, A.E. (2019). Cardiac parasympathetic and anaerobic performance recovery after high-intensity exercise in rowers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 14(3), 331-338. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0200

Hopkins, W.G. (2000). Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Medicine, 30(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200030010-00001

Javaloyes, A., Sarabia, J.M., Lamberts, R.P., Plews, D., & Moya-Ramon, M. (2020). Training prescription guided by heart rate variability vs. block periodization in well-trained cyclists. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(6), 1511-1518. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003337

Kiviniemi, A.M., Hautala, A.J., Kinnunen, H., & Tulppo, M.P. (2007). Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, 743-751. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0552-2

Kiviniemi, A.M., Hautala, A.J., Seppänen, T., Mäkikallio, T.H., Huikuri, H.V., & Tulppo, M.P. (2004). Saturation of high-frequency oscillations of R-R intervals in healthy subjects and patients after acute myocardial infarction during ambulatory conditions. American Journal of Physiology—Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 287, H1921-1927. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00433.2004

Leal-Menezes, R., Rodrigues-Krause, J., Dos Santos, G.C., do Nascimento Queiroz, J., Silva da Silva, C., Umpierre, D., & Reischak-Oliveira, A. (2025). High-intensity interval aerobic exercise delays recovery from heart rate variability: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clinical Autonomic Research, 35(3), 365-379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-024-01103-7

Le Meur, Y., Pichon, A., Schaal, K., Schmitt, L., Louis, J., Gueneron, J., Vidal, P.P., & Hausswirth, C. (2013). Evidence of parasympathetic hyperactivity in functionally overreached athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 45(11), 2061-2071. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182980125

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Nuuttila, O.P., Seipajarvi, S., Kyrolainen, H., & Nummela, A. (2022). Reliability and sensitivity of nocturnal heart rate and heart-rate variability in monitoring individual responses to training load. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 17(8), 1296-1303. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0145

Pichot, V., Roche, F., Gaspoz, J.M., Enjolras, F., Antoniadis, A., Minini, P., Costes, F., Busso, T., Lacour, J.R., &Barthelemy, J.C. (2000). Relation between heart rate variability and training load in middle-distance runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(10), 1729-1736. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200010000-00011

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., & Buchheit, M. (2017). Day-to-day heart-rate variability recordings in world-champion rowers: Appreciating unique athlete characteristics. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(5), 697-703. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0343

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2012). Heart rate variability in elite triathletes, is variation in variability the key to effective training? A case comparison. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(11), 3729-3741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2354-4

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2014). Heart-rate variability and training-intensity distribution in elite rowers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(6), 1026-1032. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0497

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Le Meur, Y., Hausswirth, C., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2014). Monitoring training with heart rate-variability: How much compliance is needed for valid assessment? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(5), 783-790. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0455

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Stanley, J., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2013). Training adaptation and heart rate variability in elite endurance athletes: Opening the door to effective monitoring. Sports Medicine, 43, 773-781. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0071-8

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Seiler, S., Haugen, O., & Kuffel, E. (2007). Autonomic recovery after exercise in trained athletes: Intensity and duration effects. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1366-1373. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e318060f17d

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Stanley, J., Peake, J.M., & Buchheit, M. (2013). Cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following exercise: Implications for training prescription. Sports Medicine, 43(12), 1259-1277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0083-4

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Chapter 6

Alfonso, C., Haydt, V., Allen, M.S., Capdevila, L., & Laborde, S. (2025). Monitoring training adaptation: A scoping review of the relationship between self-reported subjective variables and resting vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) in adult athletes. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2025.2541350

Altini, M., & Plews, D. (2021). What is behind changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability? A large-scale analysis of longitudinal measurements acquired in free-living. Sensors, 21(23), 7932. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237932

Bouchard, C., An, P., Rice, T., Skinner, J.S., Wilmore, J.H., Gagnon, J., Perusse, L., Leon, A.S., & Rao, D.C. (1999). Familial aggregation of VO2max response to exercise training: Results from the HERITAGE Family Study. Journal of Applied Physiology, 87(3), 1003-1008. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1003

Carrasco-Poyatos, M., Gonzalez-Quilez, A., Altini, M., & Granero-Gallegos, A. (2022). Heart rate variability-guided training in professional runners: Effects on performance and vagal modulation. Physiology & Behavior, 244, 113654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113654

Cassirame, J., Eustache, E., Garbellotto, L., Chevrolat, S., Gimenez, P., & Lepretre, P.M. (2025). Detrended fluctuation analysis to determine physiologic thresholds, investigation and evidence from incremental cycling test. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 125(2), 523-533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-024-05614-z

Duking, P., Zinner, C., Reed, J.L., Holmberg, H.C., & Sperlich, B. (2020). Predefined vs data-guided training prescription based on autonomic nervous system variation: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 30, 2291-2304. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13802

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Gronwald, T., & Hoos, O. (2020). Correlation properties of heart rate variability during endurance exercise: A systematic review. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 25(1), e12697. https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.12697

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Holt, A.C., Plews, D.J., Oberlin-Brown, K.T., Merien, F., & Kilding, A.E. (2019). Cardiac parasympathetic and anaerobic performance recovery after high-intensity exercise in rowers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 14(3), 331-338. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0200

Hoos, O., & Gronwald, T. (2025). Detrended fluctuation analysis of heart rate variability during exercise: Time to reconsider the theoretical and methodological background. Comment on: Cassirame et al.'s (2025) Detrended fluctuation analysis to determine physiologic thresholds, investigation and evidence from incremental cycling test. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 125, 2637-2639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05859-2

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Javaloyes, A., Sarabia, J.M., Lamberts, R.P., & Moya-Ramon, M. (2018). Training prescription guided by heart rate variability in cycling. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0122

Javaloyes, A., Sarabia, J.M., Lamberts, R.P., Plews, D., & Moya-Ramon, M. (2020). Training prescription guided by heart rate variability vs. block periodization in well-trained cyclists. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(6), 1511-1518. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003337

Kiviniemi, A.M., Hautala, A.J., Kinnunen, H., Nissila, J., Virtanen, P., Karjalainen, J., & Tulppo, M.P. (2010). Daily exercise prescription on the basis of HR variability among men and women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42(7), 1355-1363. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181cd5f39

Kiviniemi, A.M., Hautala, A.J., Kinnunen, H., & Tulppo, M.P. (2007). Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, 743-751. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0552-2

Kristal-Boneh, E., Froom, P., Harari, G., Malik, M., & Ribak, J. (2000). Summer-winter differences in 24 h variability of heart rate. Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, 7(2), 141-146.

Le Meur, Y., Pichon, A., Schaal, K., Schmitt, L., Louis, J., Gueneron, J., . . . Hausswirth, C. (2013). Evidence of parasympathetic hyperactivity in functionally overreached athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 45(11), 2061-2071. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182980125

Mateo-March, M., Moya-Ramon, M., Javaloyes, A., Sanchez-Munoz, C., & Clemente-Suarez, V.J. (2023). Validity of detrended fluctuation analysis of heart rate variability to determine intensity thresholds in elite cyclists. European Journal of Sport Science, 23(4), 580-587. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2022.2047228

Nuuttila, O.P., Nikander, A., Polomoshnov, D., Laukkanen, J.A., & Hakkinen, K. (2017). Effects of HRV-guided vs. predetermined block training on performance, HRV and serum hormones. International Journal of Sports Medicine,38(12), 909-920. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115122

Nuuttila, O.P., Seipajarvi, S., Kyrolainen, H., & Nummela, A. (2022). Reliability and sensitivity of nocturnal heart rate and heart-rate variability in monitoring individual responses to training load. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 17(8), 1296-1303. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0145

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2012). Heart rate variability in elite triathletes, is variation in variability the key to effective training? A case comparison. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(11), 3729-3741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2354-4

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2014). Heart-rate variability and training-intensity distribution in elite rowers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(6), 1026-1032. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0497

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Le Meur, Y., Hausswirth, C., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2014). Monitoring training with heart rate-variability: How much compliance is needed for valid assessment? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(5), 783-790. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0455

Plews, D.J., Laursen, P.B., Stanley, J., Kilding, A.E., & Buchheit, M. (2013). Training adaptation and heart rate variability in elite endurance athletes: Opening the door to effective monitoring. Sports Medicine, 43, 773-781. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0071-8

Rogers, B., Giles, D., Draper, N., Hoos, O., & Gronwald, T. (2020). A new detection method defining the aerobic threshold for endurance exercise and training prescription based on fractal correlation properties of heart rate variability. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 596567. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.596567

Seiler, S., Haugen, O., & Kuffel, E. (2007). Autonomic recovery after exercise in trained athletes: Intensity and duration effects. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1366-1373. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e318060f17d

Seiler, S., & Kjerland, G.O. (2006). Quantifying training intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes: Is there evidence for an "optimal" distribution? Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 16(1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2004.00418.x

Stanley, J., Peake, J.M., & Buchheit, M. (2013). Cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following exercise: Implications for training prescription. Sports Medicine, 43(12), 1259-1277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0083-4

Vesterinen, V., Hakkinen, K., Hynynen, E., Mikkola, J., Hokka, L., & Nummela, A. (2013). Heart rate variability in prediction of individual adaptation to endurance training in recreational endurance runners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01365.x

Vesterinen, V., Nummela, A., Heikura, I., Laine, T., Hynynen, E., Botella, J., & Hakkinen, K. (2016). Individual endurance training prescription with heart rate variability. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48(7), 1347-1354. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000910

Chapter 7

Abrunedo-Lombardero, J., Padron-Cabo, A., Velez-Serrano, D., Alvaro-Meca, A., & Iglesias-Soler, E. (2025). An explainable machine learning approach to explain the effects of training and match load on ultra-short-term heart rate variability in semi-professional basketball players. Sensors (Basel), 25(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/s25226928

Alfonso, C., Haydt, V., Allen, M.S., Capdevila, L., & Laborde, S. (2025). Monitoring training adaptation: A scoping review of the relationship between self-reported subjective variables and resting vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) in adult athletes. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2025.2541350

Algumaei, M., Hettiarachchi, I., Veerabhadrappa, R., & Bhatti, A. (2023). Physiological synchrony predict task performance and negative emotional state during a three-member collaborative task. Sensors, 23(4), 2268. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042268

Botek, M., Krejci, J., McKune, A.J., & Klimesova, I. (2016). Somatic, endurance performance and heart rate variability profiles of professional soccer players grouped according to age. Journal of Human Kinetics, 54(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0035

Boullosa, D.A., Abreu, L., Nakamura, F.Y., Munoz, V.E., Dominguez, E., & Leicht, A.S. (2013). Cardiac autonomic adaptations in elite Spanish soccer players during preseason. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(4), 400-409. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.4.400

Buchheit, M. (2014). Monitoring training status with HR measures: Do all roads lead to Rome? Frontiers in Physiology,5, 73. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00073

Buchheit, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., Quod, M.J., Poulos, N., & Bourdon, P. (2010). Determinants of the variability of heart rate measures during a competitive period in young soccer players. European Journal of Applied Physiology,109(5), 869-878. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1422-x

Buchheit, M., Simpson, M.B., Al Haddad, H., Bourdon, P.C., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2012). Monitoring changes in physical performance with heart rate measures in young soccer players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(2), 711-723. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2014-0

Doherty, C., Baldwin, M., Lambe, R., Burke, D., & Altini, M. (2025). Readiness, recovery, and strain: an evaluation of composite health scores in consumer wearables. Translational Exercise Biomedicine. https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2025-0001

Esco, M.R., Flatt, A.A., & Nakamura, F.Y. (2016). Initial weekly HRV response is related to the prospective change in VO2max in female soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(6), 436-441. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1569342

Flatt, A.A., & Esco, M.R. (2015). Smartphone-derived heart-rate variability and training load in a women's soccer team. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(8), 994-1000. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0556

Flatt, A.A., & Esco, M.R. (2016). Evaluating individual training adaptation with smartphone-derived heart rate variability in a collegiate female soccer team. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(2), 378-385. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001095

Flatt, A.A., Esco, M.R., Nakamura, F.Y., & Plews, D.J. (2017). Interpreting daily heart rate variability changes in collegiate female soccer players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(6), 907-915. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.16.06322-2

Fowler, P., Duffield, R., & Vaile, J. (2015). Effects of simulated domestic and international air travel on sleep, performance, and recovery for team sports. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 25(3), 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12227

Fowler, P., Duffield, R., Waterson, A., & Vaile, J. (2015). Effects of regular away travel on training loads, recovery, and injury rates in professional Australian soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(5), 546-552. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0266

Hemakom, A., Powezka, K., Goverdovsky, V., Jaffer, U., & Mandic, D.P. (2017). Quantifying team cooperation through intrinsic multi-scale measures: Respiratory and cardiac synchronization in choir singers and surgical teams. Royal Society Open Science, 4(12), 170853. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170853

Henning, R.A., Boucsein, W., & Gil, M.C. (2001). Social-physiological compliance as a determinant of team performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 40(3), 221-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8760(00)00190-2

Kong, S.D.X., Espinosa, N., McKinnon, A.C., Gordon, C.J., Wassing, R., Hoyos, C.M., Hickie, I.B., & Naismith, S.L. (2024). Different heart rate variability profile during sleep in mid-later life adults with remitted early-onset versus late-onset depression. J Affect Disord, 358, 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.054

Mirto, M., Filipas, L., Altini, M., Codella, R., & Meloni, A. (2024). Heart rate variability in professional and semiprofessional soccer: A scoping review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 34(6), e14673. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14673

Nakamura, F.Y., Flatt, A.A., Pereira, L.A., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Loturco, I., & Esco, M.R. (2015). Ultra-short-term heart rate variability is sensitive to training effects in team sports players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(3), 602-605.

O'Connor, F.K., Doering, T.M., Chapman, N.D., Ritchie, D.M., & Bartlett, J.D. (2024). A two-year examination of the relation between internal and external load and heart rate variability in Australian rules football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 42(15), 1400-1409. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2024.2390238

Oliveira, R.S., Leicht, A.S., Bishop, D., Barbero-Alvarez, J.C., & Nakamura, F.Y. (2013). Seasonal changes in physical performance and heart rate variability in high level futsal players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(5), 424-430. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1323720

Olmos, M., Capdevila, L., & Caparrós, T. (2024). Heart rate variability in elite team sports: A systematic review. Open Access Journal of Disease and Global Health, 2(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.33140/oajdgh.02.03.01

Patil, S.G., Mullur, L.M., Khodnapur, J.P., Dhanakshirur, G.B., & Aithala, M.R. (2013). Effect of yoga on short-term heart rate variability measure as a stress index in subjunior cyclists: A pilot study. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 57(2), 153-158.

Proietti, R., di Fronso, S., Pereira, L.A., Bortoli, L., Robazza, C., Nakamura, F.Y., & Bertollo, M. (2017). Heart rate variability discriminates competitive levels in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(6), 1719-1725. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001795

Schmitt, L., Regnard, J., & Millet, G.P. (2015). Monitoring fatigue status with HRV measures in elite athletes: An avenue beyond RMSSD? Frontiers in Physiology, 6, 343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00343

Schneider, C., Hanakam, F., Wiewelhove, T., Doweling, A., Kellmann, M., Meyer, T., Pfeiffer, M., & Ferrauti, A. (2018). Heart rate monitoring in team sports: A conceptual framework for contextualizing heart rate measures for training and recovery prescription. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 639. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00639

Soares-Caldeira, L.F., de Souza, E.A., de Freitas, V.H., de Moraes, S.M., Leicht, A.S., & Nakamura, F.Y. (2014). Effects of additional repeated sprint training during preseason on performance, heart rate variability, and stress symptoms in futsal players: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(10), 2815-2826. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000461

Tamminen, K.A., Danyluck, C., Bonk, D., & Chen, R. (2023). Syncing to perform? A naturalistic uncontrolled prospective case study of emotional and physiological synchrony in a team of male volleyball athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(11), 1033-1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2259205

Thorpe, R.T., Strudwick, A.J., Buchheit, M., Atkinson, G., Drust, B., & Gregson, W. (2015). Monitoring fatigue during the in-season competitive phase in elite soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance,10(8), 958-964. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0004

Vesterinen, V., Hakkinen, K., Hynynen, E., Mikkola, J., Hokka, L., & Nummela, A. (2013). Heart rate variability in prediction of individual adaptation to endurance training in recreational endurance runners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01365.x

Vesterinen, V., Hakkinen, K., Laine, T., Hynynen, E., Mikkola, J., & Nummela, A. (2016). Predictors of individual adaptation to high-volume or high-intensity endurance training in recreational endurance runners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 26(8), 885-893. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12530

Chapter 8

Abaji, J.P., Curnier, D., Moore, R.D., & Ellemberg, D. (2016). Persisting effects of concussion on heart rate variability during physical exertion. Journal of Neurotrauma, 33(9), 811-817. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.3989

Ackermann, S.P., Raab, M., Backschat, S., Smith, D.J.C., Javelle, F., & Laborde, S. (2023). The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychophysiology, 60(3), e14183. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14183

Al Haddad, H., Laursen, P.B., Ahmaidi, S., & Buchheit, M. (2010). Influence of cold water face immersion on post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(3), 599-606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1253-9

Altini, M., & Plews, D. (2021). What is behind changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability? A large-scale analysis of longitudinal measurements acquired in free-living. Sensors, 21(23), 7932. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237932

Barnett, A. (2006). Using recovery modalities between training sessions in elite athletes: Does it help? Sports Medicine,36(9), 781-796. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636090-00005

Baus, T.L., Ackermann, S.P., & Laborde, S. (2025). Effects of adding facial immersion to chest-level water immersion on vagally-mediated heart rate variability. Sports, 13(3), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13030064

Bieuzen, F., Bleakley, C.M., & Costello, J.T. (2013). Contrast water therapy and exercise induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 8(4), e62356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062356

Brown, F., Gissane, C., Howatson, G., van Someren, K., Pedlar, C., & Hill, J. (2017). Compression garments and recovery from exercise: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(11), 2245-2267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0728-9

Buchheit, M., & Laursen, P.B. (2013). High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I. Cardiopulmonary emphasis. Sports Medicine, 43(5), 313-338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0029-x

Buchheit, M., Laursen, P.B., Al Haddad, H., & Ahmaidi, S. (2009). Exercise-induced plasma volume expansion and post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 105(3), 471-481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-008-0925-1

Cajochen, C., Munch, M., Kobialka, S., Krauchi, K., Steiner, R., Oelhafen, P., Orgul, S., & Wirz-Justice, A. (2005). High sensitivity of human melatonin, alertness, thermoregulation, and heart rate to short wavelength light. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 90(3), 1311-1316. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-0957

Chauvineau, M., Pasquier, F., Guyot, V., Aloulou, A., & Nedelec, M. (2021). Effect of the depth of cold water immersion on sleep architecture and recovery among well-trained male endurance runners. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 659990. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.659990

Chellappa, S.L., Lasauskaite, R., & Cajochen, C. (2017). In a heartbeat: Light and cardiovascular physiology. Frontiers in Neurology, 8, 541. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00541

Chen, S.R., Hou, W.H., Lai, J.N., Kwong, J.S.W., & Lin, P.C. (2022). Effects of acupressure on anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 28(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1089/jicm.2020.0256

Cheung, K., Hume, P., & Maxwell, L. (2003). Delayed onset muscle soreness: Treatment strategies and performance factors. Sports Medicine, 33(2), 145-164. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333020-00005

Day, J., & Newman, J. (2020). The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on function outcome measures following muscle fatigue: A systematic review. Current Orthopaedic Practice, 31(4), 394-399. https://doi.org/10.1097/bco.0000000000000889

Farinatti, P.T., Brandao, C., Soares, P.P., & Duarte, A.F. (2011). Acute effects of stretching exercise on the heart rate variability in subjects with low flexibility levels. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(6), 1579-1585. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e06ce1

Ferreira, F.C., Vaz Padilha, M.C.S., Rocha, T., Lima, L.S., Carandina, A., Bellocchi, C., Tobaldini, E., Montano, N., Soares, P., & Rodrigues, G.D. (2023). Cardiovascular autonomic modulation during passive heating protocols: A systematic review. Physiological Measurement, 44(1), 01TR01. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/aca0d9

Figueiro, M.G., Plitnick, B., & Rea, M.S. (2014). The effects of chronotype, sleep schedule and light/dark pattern exposures on circadian phase. Sleep Medicine, 15(12), 1554-1564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2014.07.009

Flatt, A.A., Hornikel, B., & Esco, M.R. (2017). Heart rate variability and psychometric responses to overload and tapering in collegiate sprint-swimmers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(6), 606-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.017

Fullagar, H.H., Skorski, S., Duffield, R., Hammes, D., Coutts, A.J., & Meyer, T. (2015). Sleep and athletic performance: The effects of sleep loss on exercise performance, and physiological and cognitive responses to exercise. Sports Medicine,45(2), 161-186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0260-0

Gabbett, T.J. (2016). The training-injury prevention paradox: Should athletes be training smarter and harder? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(5), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095788

Gerritsen, R.J.S., & Band, G.P.H. (2018). Breath of life: The respiratory vagal stimulation model of contemplative activity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 397. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00397

Gisselman, A.S., Baxter, G.D., Wright, A., Hegedus, E., & Tumilty, S. (2016). Musculoskeletal overuse injuries and heart rate variability: Is there a link? Medical Hypotheses, 87, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.003

Greenwood, J.D., Moses, G.E., Bernardino, F.M., Gaesser, G.A., & Weltman, A. (2008). Intensity of exercise recovery, blood lactate disappearance, and subsequent swimming performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(1), 29-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701287263

Grilli Cadieux, E., Gemme, C., & Dupuis, G. (2021). Effects of yoga interventions on psychological health and performance of competitive athletes: A systematic review. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, 3(2), 158-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-020-00104-y

Hackney, A.C. (2006). Stress and the neuroendocrine system: The role of exercise as a stressor and modifier of stress. Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1(6), 783-792. https://doi.org/10.1586/17446651.1.6.783

Harrison, A., Lane-Cordova, A., La Fountaine, M.F., & Moore, R.D. (2022). Concussion history and heart rate variability during bouts of acute stress. Journal of Athletic Training, 57(8), 741-747. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0314.21

Heathcote, S.L., Hassmen, P., Zhou, S., & Stevens, C.J. (2018). Passive heating: Reviewing practical heat acclimation strategies for endurance athletes. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1851. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01851

Huang, M., Frantz, J., Moralez, G., Sabo, T., Davis, P.F., Davis, S.L., Bell, K.R., & Purkayastha, S. (2019). Reduced resting and increased elevation of heart rate variability with cognitive task performance in concussed athletes. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 34(1), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000409

Javelle, F., Bloch, W., Borges, U., Burberg, T., Collins, B., Gunasekara, N., Hosang, T.J., Jacobsen, T., Laborde, S., Low, A., Schenk, A., Schlagheck, M.L., Schoser, D., Vogel, A., Walzik, D., & Zimmer, P. (2024). Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training versus stretching do not change the psychoneuroendocrine response to a social stress test in emotionally impulsive humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology 124, 2893-2908. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-024-05471-w

Laborde, S., Allen, M.S., Borges, U., Dosseville, F., Hosang, T.J., Iskra, M., Mosley, E., Salvotti, C., Spolverato, L., Zammit, N., & Javelle, F. (2022). Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 138, 104711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104711

Laborde, S., Hosang, T., Mosley, E., & Dosseville, F. (2019). Influence of a 30-day slow paced breathing intervention compared to social media use on subjective sleep quality and cardiac vagal activity. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020193

Laborde, S., Lentes, T., Hosang, T.J., Borges, U., Mosley, E., & Dosseville, F. (2019). Influence of slow-paced breathing on inhibition after physical exertion. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1923. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01923

Laborde, S., Mosley, E., & Mertgen, A. (2018). Vagal tank theory: The three Rs of cardiac vagal control functioning—resting, reactivity, and recovery. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12, 458. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00458

Laborde, S., Wanders, J., Mosley, E., & Javelle, F. (2023). Influence of physical post-exercise recovery techniques on vagally-mediated heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12855

Laborde, S., Zammit, N., Iskra, M., Mosley, E., Borges, U., Allen, M.S., & Javelle, F. (2022). The influence of breathing techniques on physical sport performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17(2), 1222-1277. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2022.2145573

Lastella, M., Lovell, G.P., & Sargent, C. (2014). Athletes' precompetitive sleep behaviour and its relationship with subsequent precompetitive mood and performance. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(Suppl. 1), S123-S130. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.660505

Latino, F., Limone, P., Cassese, F.P., Martinez-Roig, R., Persico, A., & Tafuri, F. (2025). The role of heart rate variability in the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries in female padel players. Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, 22(3), 1350. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb1350

Laukkanen, T., Lipponen, J., Kunutsor, S.K., Zaccardi, F., Araujo, C.G.S., Makikallio, T.H., Khan, H., Willeit, P., Lee, E., Poikonen, S., Tarvainen, M., & Laukkanen, J.A. (2019). Recovery from sauna bathing favorably modulates cardiac autonomic nervous system. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 45, 190-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.06.011

Leabeater, A.J., James, L.P., Huynh, M., Vleck, V., Plews, D.J., & Driller, M.W. (2022). All the gear: The prevalence and perceived effectiveness of recovery strategies used by triathletes. Performance Enhancement & Health, 10(4), 100235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peh.2022.100235

Lee, C.L., Cheng, C.-F., Lee, W.C., & Lin, J.C. (2007). The acute effects of inhaling different concentrations of oxygen on heart rate variability after exhaustive exercise. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 5(1), 56-64.

Lee, E., Ketelhut, S., Wiklund, P., Kostensalo, J., Kolunsarka, I., Hagglund, H., & Ahtiainen, J.P. (2025). Regular postexercise sauna bathing does not improve heart rate variability: A multi-arm randomized controlled trial. Physiological Reports, 13(13), e70449. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70449

Leicht, A.S., Ahmadian, M., & Nakamura, F.Y. (2020). Influence of lower body compression garments on cardiovascular autonomic responses prior to, during and following submaximal cycling exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 120(7), 1601-1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04391-9

Leicht, A.S., Halliday, A., Sinclair, W.H., D'Auria, S., Buchheit, M., Kenny, G.P., & Stanley, J. (2018). Heart rate variability responses to acute and repeated postexercise sauna in trained cyclists. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 43(7), 704-710. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0581

Li, J., Zhang, K., Zhao, T., Huang, W., Hou, R., Wang, S., Zhao, M., & Guo, Y. (2024). Acupressure for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 92, 103884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103884

Li, Z., Jiang, W., Chen, Y., Wang, G., Yan, F., Zeng, T., & Fan, H. (2020). Acute and short-term efficacy of sauna treatment on cardiovascular function: A meta-analysis. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 20(2), 96-105. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515120944584

Lombardi, G., Ziemann, E., & Banfi, G. (2017). Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes: From therapy to stimulation. An updated review of the literature. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, 258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00258

Louis, J., Theurot, D., Filliard, J.R., Volondat, M., Dugue, B., & Dupuy, O. (2020). The use of whole-body cryotherapy: Time- and dose-response investigation on circulating blood catecholamines and heart rate variability. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 120(8), 1733-1743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04406-5

Luo, X., Ru, T., Chen, Q., Li, Y., Chen, Y., & Zhou, G. (2022). Influence of daytime blue-enriched bright light on heart rate variability in healthy subjects. Chronobiology International, 39(6), 826-835. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2022.2040526

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Schrempft, S., Baysson, H., Chessa, A., Lorthe, E., Zaballa, M.E., Stringhini, S., Guessous, I., Nehme, M., & The Specchio Study Group. (2024). Associations between bedtime media use and sleep outcomes in an adult population-based cohort. Sleep Medicine, 121, 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2024.06.029

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Senthinathan, A., Mainwaring, L.M., & Hutchison, M. (2017). Heart rate variability of athletes across concussion recovery milestones: A preliminary study. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 27(3), 288-295. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000337

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Stanley, J., Halliday, A., D'Auria, S., Buchheit, M., & Leicht, A.S. (2015). Effect of sauna-based heat acclimation on plasma volume and heart rate variability. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 115(4), 785-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-3060-1

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Stanley, J., Peake, J.M., & Buchheit, M. (2013b). Consecutive days of cold water immersion: Effects on cycling performance and heart rate variability. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(2), 371-384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2445-2

Stephens, J.M., Halson, S., Miller, J., Slater, G.J., & Askew, C.D. (2017). Cold-water immersion for athletic recovery: One size does not fit all. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(1), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0095

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Weerapong, P., Hume, P.A., & Kolt, G.S. (2013). Stretching: Mechanisms and benefits for sport performance and injury prevention. Physical Therapy Reviews, 9(4), 189-206. https://doi.org/10.1179/108331904225007078

Williams, S., Booton, T., Watson, M., Rowland, D., & Altini, M. (2017). Heart rate variability is a moderating factor in the workload-injury relationship of competitive CrossFit™ athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 16(4), 443-449.

Wong, A., & Figueroa, A. (2021). Effects of acute stretching exercise and training on heart rate variability: A review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(5), 1459-1466. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003084

Yilmaz, E., Aktop, A., Abdioglu, A., Melekoglu, T., & Nalbant, M. (2025). The effect of heart rate variability biofeedback on recovery after aerobic exercise. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 50(1), 95-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-024-09672-z

Zhong, C., Masters, M., Donzella, S.M., Diver, W.R., & Patel, A.V. (2025). Electronic screen use and sleep duration and timing in adults. JAMA Network Open, 8(3), e252493. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2493

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Chapter 9

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Addleman, J.S., Lackey, N.S., Tobin, M.A., Lara, G.A., Sinha, S., Morse, R.M., Hajduczok, A.G., Gharbo, R.S., & Gevirtz, R.N. (2025). Heart rate variability applications in medical specialties: A narrative review. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 50(3), 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09708-y

Ahmad, S., Tejuja, A., Newman, K.D., Zarychanski, R., & Seely, A.J.E. (2009). Clinical review: A review and analysis of heart rate variability and the diagnosis and prognosis of infection. Critical Care, 13(6), 232. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc8132

Allen, T.M., Struemph, K.L., Toledo-Tamula, M.A., Wolters, P.L., Baldwin, A., Widemann, B., & Martin, S. (2018). The relationship between heart rate variability, psychological flexibility, and pain in neurofibromatosis type 1. Pain Practice,18(8), 969-978. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12695

Alqahtani, J.S., Aldhahir, A.M., Alghamdi, S.M., Al Ghamdi, S.S., AlDraiwiesh, I.A., Alsulayyim, A.S., Alqahtani, A.S., Alobaidi, N.Y., Al Saikhan, L., AlRabeeah, S.M., Alzahrani, E.M., Heubel, A.D., Mendes, R.G., Alqarni, A.A., Alanazi, A.M., & Oyelade, T. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis of heart rate variability in COPD. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1070327. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1070327

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Williams, S., Booton, T., Watson, M., Rowland, D., & Altini, M. (2017). Heart rate variability is a moderating factor in the workload-injury relationship of competitive CrossFit™ athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 16(4), 443-449.

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Yugar, L.B.T., Yugar-Toledo, J.C., Dinamarco, N., Sedenho-Prado, L.G., Moreno, B.V.D., Rubio, T.A., Fattori, A., Rodrigues, B., Vilela-Martin, J.F., & Moreno, H. (2023). The role of heart rate variability (HRV) in different hypertensive syndromes. Diagnostics, 13(4), 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13040785

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Chapter 10

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Aritzeta, A., Aranberri-Ruiz, A., Soroa, G., Mindeguia, R., & Olarza, A. (2022). Emotional self-regulation in primary education: A heart rate-variability biofeedback intervention programme. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5475. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095475

Bahameish, M., & Stockman, T. (2024). Short-term effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on working memory. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 49(2), 219-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-024-09624-7

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Chapter 11

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Mateo, M., Blasco-Lafarga, C., Martínez-Navarro, I., Guzmán, J.F., & Zabala, M. (2012). Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety in BMX discipline. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112, 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-1962-8

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Mora, A., Komka, Z., Vegh, J., Farkas, I., Kocsisne, G.S., Bosnyak, E., Szmodis, M., Ligetvári, R., Csöndör, É., Almási, G., Oláh, A., Kemper, H. C. G., Tóth, M., & Acs, P. (2022). Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of extreme psychological and physical stress tests in male soccer players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020715

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Mosley, E., Laborde, S., & Kavanagh, E. (2018b). Coping related variables, cardiac vagal activity and working memory performance under pressure. Acta Psychologica, 191, 179-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.09.007

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Riepenhausen, A., Wackerhagen, C., Reppmann, Z.C., Deter, H.-C., Kalisch, R., Veer, I.M., & Walter, H. (2022). Positive cognitive reappraisal in stress resilience, mental health, and well-being: A comprehensive systematic review. Emotion Review, 14(4), 310-331. https://doi.org/10.1177/17540739221114642

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Chapter 12

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Beevor, H.J., Ginty, A.T., Veldhuijzen van Zanten, J., & Williams, S.E. (2024). Mastery imagery ability moderates the relationship between heart rate reactivity to acute psychological stress and perceptions of stress and physiological arousal. Psychophysiology, 61(4), e14486. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14486

Bellomo, E., Cooke, A., Gallicchio, G., Ring, C., & Hardy, J. (2020). Mind and body: Psychophysiological profiles of instructional and motivational self-talk. Psychophysiology, 57(9), e13586. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13586

Bernardi, N.F., Bordino, M., Bianchi, L., & Bernardi, L. (2017). Acute fall and long-term rise in oxygen saturation in response to meditation. Psychophysiology, 54(12), 1951-1966. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12972

Bornemann, B., & Singer, T. (2017). Taking time to feel our body: Steady increases in heartbeat perception accuracy and decreases in alexithymia over 9 months of contemplative mental training. Psychophysiology, 54(3), 469-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12790

Bouthiller, E., & Lautenbach, F. (2025). Implementing pressure on athletes during training: a scoping review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2025.2578781

Brown, L., Rando, A.A., Eichel, K., Van Dam, N.T., Celano, C.M., Huffman, J.C., & Morris, M.E. (2021). The effects of mindfulness and meditation on vagally mediated heart rate variability: A meta-analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 83(6), 631-640. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000900

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Denson, T.F., Grisham, J.R., & Moulds, M.L. (2011). Cognitive reappraisal increases heart rate variability in response to an anger provocation. Motivation and Emotion, 35, 14-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-011-9201-5

Di Bello, M., Carnevali, L., Petrocchi, N., Thayer, J.F., Gilbert, P., & Ottaviani, C. (2020). The compassionate vagus: A meta-analysis on the connection between compassion and heart rate variability. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,116, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.016

Feruglio, S., Matiz, A., Pagnoni, G., Fabbro, F., & Crescentini, C. (2021). The impact of mindfulness meditation on the wandering mind: A systematic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 131, 313-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.032

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Fincham, G.W., Kartar, A., Uthaug, M.V., Anderson, B., Hall, L., Nagai, Y., Critchley, H., & Colasanti, A. (2023). High ventilation breathwork practices: An overview of their effects, mechanisms, and considerations for clinical applications. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 155, 105453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105453

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Gabana, N.T., Wong, Y.J., D'Addario, A., & Chow, G.M. (2020). The Athlete Gratitude Group (TAGG): Effects of coach participation in a positive psychology intervention with youth athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 34(2), 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2020.1809551

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Hudson, J., & Day, M.C. (2012). Athletes' experiences of expressive writing about sports stressors. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(6), 798-806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.05.005

Iskra, M., Laborde, S., Salvotti, C., Weinand, E., Poppa, T., Raab, M., & Voigt, L. (2024). Fast-paced breathing interventions: testing the physiological effects on the autonomic nervous system. Poster presented at the Society for Psychophysiological Research 2024 Annual Meeting.

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Karageorghis, C.I., & Priest, D.L. (2012b). Music in the exercise domain: A review and synthesis (part II). International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(1), 67-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2011.631027

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Laborde, S., Allen, M.S., Borges, U., Dosseville, F., Hosang, T.J., Iskra, M., Mosley, E., Salvotti, C., Spolverato, L., Zammit, N., & Javelle, F. (2022). Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 138, 104711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104711

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