chapter 3

references

Chapter 3

Achermann, P., & Borbély, A. (2017). Sleep homeostasis and models of sleep regulation. In M.H. Kryger, T. Roth, & W.C. Dement (Eds.), Principles and practice of sleep medicine (pp. 377-387). Elsevier.

Almeida, B.A., Morales, A.P., Ribeiro, J.R.C., Sampaio-Jorge, F., Ribeiro, Y.G., Barth, T., & Ribeiro, B.G. (2024). Impact of caffeine intake strategies on heart rate variability during post-exercise recovery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Cardiology Reviews, 20(3), 87-100. https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X289842240307114736

Altini, M., & Kinnunen, H. (2021). The promise of sleep: A multi-sensor approach for accurate sleep stage detection using the Oura ring. Sensors, 21(13), 4302. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134302

Arab, A., Rafie, N., Amani, R., & Shirani, F. (2023). The role of magnesium in sleep health: A systematic review of available literature. Biological Trace Element Research, 201(1), 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03162-1

Bellenger, C.R., Miller, D.J., Halson, S.L., Roach, G.D., & Sargent, C. (2021). Wrist-based photoplethysmography assessment of heart rate and heart rate variability: Validation of WHOOP. Sensors, 21(10), 3571. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103571

Bellini, A., Nicolo, A., Bazzucchi, I., & Sacchetti, M. (2022). The effects of postprandial walking on the glucose response after meals with different characteristics. Nutrients, 14(5), 1080. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14051080

Besson, C., De Stefani, G., Baggish, A.L., Schmitt, L., Millet, G., & Gremeaux, V. (2024). Comparison of 1-hour floatation-REST versus conventional napping on heart rate variability in active individuals. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 11(1), e002292. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002292

Bonato, M., Agnello, L., Galasso, L., Montaruli, A., Roveda, E., Merati, G., La Torre, A., & Vitale, J.A. (2017). Acute modification of cardiac autonomic function of high-intensity interval training in collegiate male soccer players with different chronotype: A cross-over study. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 16(2), 286-294.

Bonato, M., Meloni, A., Merati, G., La Torre, A., Agnello, L., & Vernillo, G. (2018). Effect of repeated-sprints on the reliability of short-term parasympathetic reactivation. PLoS ONE, 13(2), e0192231. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192231

Borbely, A.A., Daan, S., Wirz-Justice, A., & Deboer, T. (2016). The two-process model of sleep regulation: A reappraisal. Journal of Sleep Research, 25(2), 131-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12371

Borges, U., Lobinger, B., Javelle, F., Watson, M., Mosley, E., & Laborde, S. (2021). Using slow-paced breathing to foster endurance, well-being, and sleep quality in athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 624655. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624655

Bourdillon, N., Jeanneret, F., Nilchian, M., Albertoni, P., Ha, P., & Millet, G.P. (2021). Sleep deprivation deteriorates heart rate variability and photoplethysmography. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15, 642548. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.642548

Bourdillon, N., Schmitt, L., Yazdani, S., Vesin, J.M., & Millet, G.P. (2017). Minimal window duration for accurate HRV recording in athletes. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 11, 456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00456

Brilla, L., Teichler, L., Hahn, T., Freeman, J., & Li, Y. (2010). Effect of magnesium on heart rate variability in healthy subjects. The FASEB Journal, 24(S1), 917.3. https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.917.3

Burger, A.J., Charlamb, M., & Sherman, H.B. (1999). Circadian patterns of heart rate variability in normals, chronic stable angina and diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Cardiology, 71(1), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5273(99)00110-2

Castro-Sepulveda, M., Cerda-Kohler, H., Perez-Luco, C., Monsalves, M., Andrade, D.C., Zbinden-Foncea, H., Baez-San Martin, E., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2014). Hydration status after exercise affect resting metabolic rate and heart rate variability. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 31(3), 1273-1277. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.3.8523

Cebeci, S., Canbal, M., Yuksel, R., Cetin, M., Caliskan, Y., & Dane, Ş. (2015). The effect of sleep deprivation on heart rate variability in shift and non-shift physicians. Clinical and Investigative Medicine, 38(4), E233-E236.

Cellini, N., Whitehurst, L.N., McDevitt, E.A., & Mednick, S.C. (2016). Heart rate variability during daytime naps in healthy adults: Autonomic profile and short-term reliability. Psychophysiology, 53(4), 473-481. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12595

Chakrabarti, A., Geurts, L., Hoyles, L., Iozzo, P., Kraneveld, A.D., La Fata, G., Miani, M., Patterson, E., Pot, B., Shortt, C., & Vauzour, D. (2022). The microbiota-gut-brain axis: Pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 79(2), 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-021-04060-w

Chouchou, F., & Desseilles, M. (2014). Heart rate variability: A tool to explore the sleeping brain? Frontiers in Neuroscience, 8, 402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00402

Christensen, J.H. (2011). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and heart rate variability. Frontiers in Physiology, 2, 84. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2011.00084

Dettoni, J.L., Consolim-Colombo, F.M., Drager, L.F., Rubira, M.C., Souza, S.B., Irigoyen, M.C., Mostarda, C., Borile, S., Krieger, E.M., Moreno, H., Jr., & Lorenzi-Filho, G. (2012). Cardiovascular effects of partial sleep deprivation in healthy volunteers. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(2), 232-236. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01604.2011

de Zambotti, M., Sizintsev, M., Claudatos, S., Barresi, G., Colrain, I.M., & Baker, F.C. (2019). Reducing bedtime physiological arousal levels using immersive audio-visual respiratory bio-feedback: A pilot study in women with insomnia symptoms. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 42(5), 973-983. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00020-9

Dosseville, F., Laborde, S., & Lericollais, R. (2013). Validation of a chronotype questionnaire including an amplitude dimension. Chronobiology International, 30(5), 639-648. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2012.763042

Flueck, J.L., Schaufelberger, F., Lienert, M., Schafer Olstad, D., Wilhelm, M., & Perret, C. (2016). Acute effects of caffeine on heart rate variability, blood pressure and tidal volume in paraplegic and tetraplegic compared to able-bodied individuals: A randomized, blinded trial. PLoS ONE, 11(10), e0165034. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165034

Gong, M., Sun, M., Sun, Y., Jin, L., & Li, S. (2024). Effects of acute sleep deprivation on sporting performance in athletes: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Nature and Science of Sleep, 16, 935-948. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S467531

Grasser, E.K. (2020). Dose-dependent heart rate responses to drinking water: A randomized crossover study in young, non-obese males. Clinical Autonomic Research, 30(6), 567-570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-020-00673-6

Halson, S.L. (2014). Sleep in elite athletes and nutritional interventions to enhance sleep. Sports Medicine, 44(Suppl. 1), S13-S23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0147-0

Hasuo, H., Kanbara, K., & Fukunaga, M. (2020). Effect of heart rate variability biofeedback sessions with resonant frequency breathing on sleep: A pilot study among family caregivers of patients with cancer. Frontiers in Medicine, 7, 61. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00061

Heathers, J.A., Quintana, D., Angus, D., Krygier, J.R., Kemp, A.H., & de Rosnay, M. (2018, February 27). Water consumption as a source of error in the measurement of heart rate variability. Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/83exy

Hickman, R., Lai Jie, D., Shergill, S., Laborde, S., & D'Oliveira, T.C. (2025). Validation of the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire: Exploring the added value of amplitude and correlations with actigraphy. Chronobiology International. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2471887

Honkalampi, K., Järvelin-Pasanen, S., Tarvainen, M.P., Saaranen, T., Vauhkonen, A., Kupari, S., Perkiö-Mäkelä, M., Räsänen, K., & Oksanen, T. (2021). Heart rate variability and chronotype: A systematic review. Chronobiology International. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2021.1939363

Kerksick, C.M., Wilborn, C.D., Roberts, M.D., Smith-Ryan, A., Kleiner, S.M., Jager, R., Collins, R., Cooke, M., Davis, J.N., Galvan, E., Greenwood, M., Lowery, L.M., Wildman, R., Antonio, J., & Kreider, R.B. (2018). ISSN exercise andsports nutrition review update: Research and recommendations. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition,15(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y

Keys, A., Brožek, J., Henschel, A., Mickelsen, O., & Taylor, H.L. (1950). The biology of human starvation (Vols. 1 & 2). University of Oxford.

Kochli, S., Schutte, A.E., Botha-Le Roux, S., Gafane-Matemane, L.F., Smith, W., van Rooyen, J.M., Mokwatsi, G.G., & Kruger, R. (2021). Potassium excretion and blood pressure are associated with heart rate variability in healthy Black adults: The African-PREDICT study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31(4), 1071-1080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.021

Krueger, B., Stutz, B., Jakobsmeyer, R., Reinsberger, C., & Buyken, A.E. (2024). Relevance of high glycaemic index breakfast for heart rate variability among collegiate students with early and late chronotypes. Chronobiology International, 41(11), 1389-1398. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2024.2428203

Laborde, S., Dosseville, F., Aloui, A., Ben Saad, H., Bertollo, M., Bortoli, L., Braun, B., Chamari, K., Chtourou, H., De Kort, Y., Farooq, A., Gordijn, M.C., Greco, P., Guillen, F., Haddad, M., Hosang, T., Khalladi, K., Lericollais, R., Lopes, M., . . . Allen, M.S. (2018). Convergent and construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire in six languages. Chronobiology International. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1475396

Laborde, S., Hosang, T., Mosley, E., & Dosseville, F. (2019). Influence of a 30-day slow paced breathing intervention compared to social media use on subjective sleep quality and cardiac vagal activity. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020193

Li, Q., Steward, C.J., Cullen, T., Che, K., & Zhou, Y. (2022). Presleep heart-rate variability biofeedback improves mood and sleep quality in Chinese Winter Olympic bobsleigh athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 17(10), 1516-1526. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0037

Lin, I.M., Fan, S.Y., Yen, C.F., Yeh, Y.C., Tang, T.C., Huang, M.F., Liu, T.L., Wang, P.W., Lin, H.C., Tsai, H.Y., & Tsai, Y.C. (2019). Heart rate variability biofeedback increased autonomic activation and improved symptoms of depression and insomnia among patients with major depression disorder. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience, 17(2), 222-232. https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2019.17.2.222

Lopresti, A.L. (2020). Association between micronutrients and heart rate variability: A review of human studies. Advances in Nutrition, 11(3), 559-575. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz136

Manning, C.N., Morrissey, M.C., Langan, S.P., Stearns, R.L., Huggins, R.A., Curtis, R.M., Sekiguchi, Y., Laxminarayan, S., Reifman, J., & Casa, D.J. (2023). Fluid replacement strategies and heart rate variability recovery following prolonged exercise in the heat and mild dehydration. Physiologia, 3(1), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.3390/physiologia3010008

Martarelli, D., Cocchioni, M., Scuri, S., & Pompei, P. (2011). Diaphragmatic breathing reduces postprandial oxidative stress. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(7), 623-628. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2010.0666

Massin, M.M., Maeyns, K., Withofs, N., Ravet, F., & Gerard, P. (2000). Circadian rhythm of heart rate and heart rate variability. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 83(2), 179-182. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.83.2.179

Matei, D., Luca, C., Andrițoi, D., Sărdaru, D., & Corciovă, C. (2018). The relationship between lower serum magnesium levels and heart rate variability indices. Balneo Research Journal, 9(4), 426-432. https://doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2018.226

McLay, R.N., & Spira, J.L. (2009). Use of a portable biofeedback device to improve insomnia in a combat zone, a case report. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 34(4), 319-321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-009-9104-3

Meier, M., Dimitroff, S.J., Denk, B.F., Unternaehrer, E., & Pruessner, J.C. (2025). Effect of sweet and caloric drinks on cardiac reactivity to slow-paced breathing in healthy adults. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 17368. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00980-w

Meydani, S.N., Das, S.K., Pieper, C.F., Lewis, M.R., Klein, S., Dixit, V.D., Gupta, A.K., Villareal, D.T., Bhapkar, M., Huang, M., Fuss, P.J., Roberts, S.B., Holloszy, J.O., & Fontana, L. (2016). Long-term moderate calorie restriction inhibits inflammation without impairing cell-mediated immunity: A randomized controlled trial in non-obese humans. Aging,8(7), 1416-1431. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100994

Meyer, T.E., Kovacs, S.J., Ehsani, A.A., Klein, S., Holloszy, J.O., & Fontana, L. (2006). Long-term caloric restriction ameliorates the decline in diastolic function in humans. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 47(2), 398-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.08.069

Mishica, C., Kyrolainen, H., Hynynen, E., Nummela, A., Holmberg, H.C., & Linnamo, V. (2021). Relationships between heart rate variability, sleep duration, cortisol and physical training in young athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 20(4), 778-788. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2021.778

Moshfeghinia, R., Nemati, H., Ebrahimi, A., Shekouh, D., Karami, S., Eraghi, M.M., Mohagheghzadeh, H., Hunter, J., & Pasalar, M. (2025). The impact of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on depression and anxiety symptoms of patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 188, 104-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.05.053

Mosley, E., Duncan, S., Jones, K., Herklots, H., Kavanagh, E., & Laborde, S. (2023). A smartphone enabled slow-paced breathing intervention in dual career athletes. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2023.2194256

Murray, O., & Vick, R. (2016). The correlation between heart rate variability and diet. The FASEB Journal, 30(S1), 754.2. https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.754.2

Musculus, L., Broeker, L., Tolentino-Castro, J.W., Hoffmann, S., Pedraza-Ramirez, I., Laborde, S., Lobinger, B., Borges, U., Liepelt, R., Pizzera, A., Schwiertz, A., & Raab, M. (2025). Reassessing the gut–cognition link: Exploring psychophysiological mechanisms of risky decision-making. Decision, 12(3), 216-245. https://doi.org/10.1037/dec0000261

Nishida, M., Yamamoto, K., Murata, Y., Ichinose, A., & Shioda, K. (2021). Exploring the effect of long naps on handball performance and heart rate variability. Sports Medicine International Open, 5(3), E73-E80. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1551-8054

Peyser, D., Scolnick, B., Hildebrandt, T., & Taylor, J.A. (2020). Heart rate variability as a biomarker for anorexia nervosa: A review. European Eating Disorders Review. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2791

Pirlot, T., Mihailovic, T., Gimenez, P., Millet, G.P., Brocherie, F., Fruchart, E., Ravier, G., Baron, B., Bouzigon, R., Guirronnet, S., Brunet, E., & Groslambert, A. (2025). Effects of "living high-training low and high" on sleep, heart rate variability, and psychological responses in elite female cyclists. European Journal of Sport Science, 25(8), e12320. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12320

Porto, A.A., Benjamim, C.J.R., Gonzaga, L.A., Luciano de Almeida, M., Bueno Junior, C.R., Garner, D.M., & Valenti, V.E. (2022). Caffeine intake and its influences on heart rate variability recovery in healthy active adults after exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 32(5), 1071-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.015

Ragsdale, F.R., Gronli, T.D., Batool, N., Haight, N., Mehaffey, A., McMahon, E.C., Nalli, T.W., Mannello, C.M., Sell, C.J., McCann, P.J., Kastello, G.M., Hooks, T., & Wilson, T. (2010). Effect of Red Bull energy drink on cardiovascular and renal function. Amino Acids, 38(4), 1193-1200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-009-0330-z

Rauh, R., Burkert, M., Siepmann, M., & Mueck-Weymann, M. (2006). Acute effects of caffeine on heart rate variability in habitual caffeine consumers. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 26(3), 163-166. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-097X.2006.00663.x

Roeser, K., Obergfell, F., Meule, A., Vögele, C., Schlarb, A., & Kübler, A. (2012). Of larks and hearts: Morningness/eveningness, heart rate variability and cardiovascular stress response at different times of day. Physiology & Behavior, 106, 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.01.023

Routledge, H.C., Chowdhary, S., Coote, J.H., & Townend, J.N. (2002). Cardiac vagal response to water ingestion in normal human subjects. Clinical Science (London, England: 1979), 103(2), 157-162. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs1030157

Sajjadieh, A., Shahsavari, A., Safaei, A., Penzel, T., Schoebel, C., Fietze, I., Mozafarian, N., Amra, B., & Kelishadi, R. (2020). The association of sleep duration and quality with heart rate variability and blood pressure. Tanaffos, 19(2), 135-143.

Scheer, F.A., Hilton, M.F., Mantzoros, C.S., & Shea, S.A. (2009). Adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of circadian misalignment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 106(11), 4453-4458. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0808180106

Scheer, F.A., Van Doornen, L.J., & Buijs, R.M. (2004). Light and diurnal cycle affect autonomic cardiac balance in human; possible role for the biological clock. Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic & Clinical, 110(1), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2003.03.001

Schlagintweit, J., Laharnar, N., Glos, M., Zemann, M., Demin, A.V., Lederer, K., Penzel, T., & Fietze, I. (2023). Effects of sleep fragmentation and partial sleep restriction on heart rate variability during night. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 6202. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33013-5

Severeyn, E., Velásquez, J., Perpiñán, G., Herrera, H., Pacheco, M., & Wong, S. (2016, August 31-September 2). Heart rate variability analysis during a dehydration protocol on athletes. 2016 XXI Symposium on Signal Processing, Images and Artificial Vision. Conference paper/paper presentation, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.

Snyder, F., Hobson, J.A., Morrison, D.F., & Goldfrank, F. (1964). Changes in respiration, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure in human sleep. Journal of Applied Physiology, 19, 417-422. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1964.19.3.417

Souabni, M., Souabni, M.J., Hidouri, S., Ammar, A., Younes, M., Hammouda, O., & Driss, T. (2024). Napping and heart rate variability in elite athletes. Biology of Sport, 41(3), 213-221. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2024.132983

Steptoe, A., Gibson, E.L., Vuononvirta, R., Williams, E.D., Hamer, M., Rycroft, J.A., Erusalimsky, J.D., & Wardle, J. (2007). The effects of tea on psychophysiological stress responsivity and post-stress recovery: A randomised double-blind trial. Psychopharmacology, 190(1), 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0573-2

Thayer, J.F., & Sternberg, E.M. (2010). Neural aspects of immunomodulation: Focus on the vagus nerve. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 24, 1223-1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2010.07.247

Tobaldini, E., Nobili, L., Strada, S., Casali, K.R., Braghiroli, A., & Montano, N. (2013). Heart rate variability in normal and pathological sleep. Frontiers in Physiology, 4, 294. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2013.00294

Tsai, H.J., Kuo, T.B., Lee, G.S., & Yang, C.C. (2015). Efficacy of paced breathing for insomnia: Enhances vagal activity and improves sleep quality. Psychophysiology, 52(3), 388-396. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12333

Vierra, J., Boonla, O., & Prasertsri, P. (2022). Effects of sleep deprivation and 4-7-8 breathing control on heart rate variability, blood pressure, blood glucose, and endothelial function in healthy young adults. Physiological Reports,10(13), e15389. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15389

Vitale, J.A., Bonato, M., La Torre, A., & Banfi, G. (2019). Heart rate variability in sport performance: Do time of day and chronotype play a role? Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(5), 723. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8050723

Vitale, K.C., Owens, R., Hopkins, S.R., & Malhotra, A. (2019). Sleep hygiene for optimizing recovery in athletes: Review and recommendations. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(8), 535-543. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0905-3103

Vondrasek, J.D., Alkahtani, S.A., Al-Hudaib, A.A., Habib, S.S., Al-Masri, A.A., Grosicki, G.J., & Flatt, A.A. (2022). Heart rate variability and chronotype in young adult men. Healthcare, 10(12), 2465. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122465

Yen, C.F., Chou, W.P., Hsu, C.Y., Wu, H.C., & Wang, P.W. (2023). Effects of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVBFB) on sleep quality and depression among methamphetamine users. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 162, 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.029

Young, H.A., & Benton, D. (2018). Heart-rate variability: A biomarker to study the influence of nutrition on physiological and psychological health? Behavioural Pharmacology, 29(2 and 3), 140-151. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000383

Young, H.A., Cousins, A., Johnston, S., Fletcher, J.M., & Benton, D. (2019). Autonomic adaptations mediate the effect of hydration on brain functioning and mood: Evidence from two randomized controlled trials. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 16412. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52775-5

Zhang, S., Niu, X., Ma, J., Wei, X., Zhang, J., & Du, W. (2025). Effects of sleep deprivation on heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Neurology, 16, 1556784. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1556784